वैमानिक शास्त्र (Vimaan Shastra-Ancient Indian Aeroplane Technology Chapter-5.4)

Select Chapter

Chapter 5.4

Rudantee-mani is explained in "Mani Prakarana":

Kshaaratraya or natron, salt-pare, borax, aanjanika or eye-black powder, kaanta or sun crystal, sajjeeka, vara or sodium chloride, karna or oxide of arsenic, cowrie shells, maakshika or iron pyrites, sharkara or granite grains, sphaatika or alum, kaamsya or bell- metal, mercury, taalakasatva or yellow orpiment, gyra or marking nut, ruruka, rouchyaka, kudupa, garada or aconite, panchamukha metal, shingara or iron dross, and shundolika or great leaved caledium, these 21 articles, purified, and filled in aanika crucible, placed in shouktika furnace and boiled to 103 degrees, and cast into maniyantra mould, becomes a fine rudantee crystal.

Ruchika mani also is explained in Maniprakarana:

Sea-foam, chamaree cat's nail and mouth bones, steel, paarthiva, granite grains, shilaarasa or liquid amber, mercury, praana-kshaara or ammonium chloride, alum, naaga, cowrie, maakshika or iron pyrites, shundaala or great-leaved caledium, rundaka or eagle wood, kudupa, suvarchala or natron, jambaalika, musk-cat's tooth, or yellow orpiment?, ranjaka, manjishtha or madder root, paarvani or stag-horn, rukma or gold quartz, yellow thistle, owl's nails, vara or ammonium chloride, oyster shell, these ingredients, purified and filled in equal proportion in nakhamukha crucible, placed in mahodara furnace and heated with the aid of six-faced bellows to eye-level, and poured into mould will yield a strong, dark, heavy rutikaa crystal.

Shabda phena mani is described in "Shabda-Mahodadhi":

"Take badaba sound from the sky, life-giving trait from water, the fire of air from the atmosphere, the echoing quality from boulder, the splitting quality from solar-rays, moss layer, sea-foam, bamboo, conch; manjishtha or madder root, kusha grass, gribhdnaka, rudra-shalya, gokarna or sal?, and musali or curculigo orchioides, in the proportion of 7, 22, 45, 13, 32, 19, 38, 14, 22, 38, 42, 13, 25, 9, and 23. These purified and boiled will yield shabdaphena."

From moss-layer to musali the ingredients should be purified, and in the said proportions should be filled in phenaakara yantra, should be baked for 3 days, and for a week the sankalana key-wheel of the yantra should be turned in full speed for half a ghatika daily,

when foam will be formed. The foam should be filled in shakti-sammelana yantra. Then through 6 tubes

p. 75

the 6 shaktis or powers from praanana to sphotana should be injected into the foam patiently. On either side of the yantra switches should turn the mixing or churning wheel inside the yantra. Then moderate heat should be applied from praanana to sphotana power infusion. Then keeping it in the sun, electric power should be applied to the foam up to   85 degrees. This electric cooking should be done for 6 days. Then carefully extracting the foam from the yantra, it should be stored in the vaajeemukha metal box. That shabda- phena would be able to attract and record all kinds of sounds.

Vaajeemukha metal is described in "Lohatantra":

Copper 3 parts, sonamukhee or iron pyrites 2 parts, zinc 8 parts, veera or black metal 2 parts, kaanta or steel 3 parts, bambhaarika 1 part, kamsaarika 3 parts, panchaanana 6 parts, gowreemukha or mica? 2 parts, shundaalaka 6 parts, these 10 articles to be purified and filled in shundaalaka crucible, placed in shoorpaasya furnace and heated with vajraanana bellows and poured in vajraanana yantra and churned energetically for proper cohesion of the liquid, will yield vaajeemukha loha of light reddish brown colour.

Pataprasaarana yantra is described in Kriyaasaara:

In order to realise dangers to the vimaana en route, and shift directions towards safety, pataprasaarana yantra is prescribed. Says Patakalpa:

"Munja grass, lac, sal, red brinjal, shaambaree or arjuna tree bark, jute, raajaavarta or sphatikaari or hydrorgirum sulphuratum, darbha grass, kravyaada or Indian spikenard, with triple purification, and thrice exposing to soorya-puta or sun-baking, placing them in the cooking vessel, and baking for 3 days. Then the product should be filled in kuttinee yantra, and churned for 3 yaamaas or 3/8 of a day, then placed in cooking vessel and rebaked for 3 days. Then it must be poured into patakriyaa yantra or cloth-forming machine and churned, so as to form an even emulsion, and that will form a fine artificial cloth. It should then be coloured with seven colours. It should be rolled round a long  pole, and the pole fixed in thrimukhee-naala yantra, and equipped with a key should be installed in the shoulder of the vimaana.

When the flag-like contraption shows red indicating danger ahead the pilot should loose height and reach safety. When favourable colours are

p. 76

shown, the pilot should note their significance and move the vimaana in the favourable direction.

Dishaampati Yantra: says "Kriyaasaara,"

"In its passage in the sky in the eight directions, the vimaana is likely to meet 15 fierce hurricanes called kowbera by the effects of the planetary forces With solar rays and

unfavourable seasonal conditions. They will cause baneful skin effects on the occupants of planes and throat and lung troubles. To protect against that the Disaampti yantra is to be installed in the left shoulder of the vimaana."

The yantra is described in "Yantra Prakarana":

"In order to act as antidote to the poisonous effects of the kowbera winds, F shall describe the disaampati yantra. A peetha or foot plate, quadrangular or circular, should be made of paarvanee wood cured three times with requisite acids."

Paarvanee wood is described in "Agatatwa Laharee":

"Parvanee wood is wood which has very close joints as in sugarcane. It is red coloured, long leaved, decked with red flowers. It has small thorns, is antidote for snake-poison, is acrid in taste, and is used in driving away demons and other evil forces. It blooms in the dark half of the month."

In the centre of the peetha, a tube or pivot made of the 19th type of glass, with 9 holes, 9 switches, and 9 wires, and of arm's length, should be fixed. Eight kendras or centres should be spotted in its 8 directions. 8 naalas, pipes, or tubes, should be made 2 feet long, 6 feet high and 3 feet wide, and round in the middle. A lotus with 8 petals should be prepared and fixed on the top of the pivot. The whole should be covered with hare-skin. Manchoolika linen should cover its mukha or entrance. The wires in the tubes should be taken to the petals above the lotus and fixed in the joints.

Manchoolikaa linen is explained in "Pata-pradeepikaa":

Vaasantee or gaertnera racemosa creeper, mrida, ranjikaa or betel or madder root, ruchikaa or citron or castor, samvartakee or myrabalan belliriki, phaalgunee or sepistan plum, chanchora or red castor, arunakaanta

p. 77

or sun-flower, kudalinee, mandoorika or iron dross, maarikaa or cubed pepper, lankaari, kapivallaree or elephant pepper, vishadharaa, samvaalikaa, manjaree or ashoka, rukmaangaa or cassia fistula, dhundikaa or acacia sirisa, arka or gigantic swallow wort or madar, garudaa or coculus cordifolious, gunjaa or wild liquorice, and janjharaa.

Taking the twigs, shoots, leaves, buds, tendrils and barks of the above ingredients, and putting them in the baking vessel, they should be well cooked. Then add crowncha acid and boil again for 3 days. That will produce a soft white, pure, strong, fine manjoolikaa linen cloth.

Vaatapaa crystal should be placed in it. Amshupaa mirror should be placed at its front. When the Kowbera whirlwind contacts solar rays, then the amshupaa mirror will show a red and blue tinge. Then the keys of the nine tubes should be turned with great speed. By this a force will be generated in each tube, and passing to the hare-skin, a strong force called sammarshtikaa will be generated. The manjoolika cloth will receive that force and pass it to the lotus petals, and the petals by means of wires will transmit the force to vaatapaa crystal. The crystal, will, with the aid of sammarshtika force, absorb the

Kowbera evil wind and throw it out through the lotus petal tube to merge in the outside atmosphere, and no harm will be caused to the occupants of the vimaana. Therefore disaampati yantra should be installed in the vimaana.

19th type mirror is described in Darpana prakarana:

Uraga-twak or snake-scales, pancha-mukha, vyaaghradanta or tiger's tooth, sand, salt, mercury, lead, white gum or shweta-niryaasa, mrittikaa, sphaatika or alum, ruruka, veera or red lead? mrinala or lotus tendril, ravikarpata, chanchola or red castor, vaalaja, panchapraanasaara or urinal salt of man, horse, ass, ox, and sheep, or ammonium chloride, shashodupa or benzoin shoot. These 18 ingredients in the proportion of 3, 7, 5, 22, 4, 15, 2, 5, 20, 7, 30, 15, 40, 23, 27, 13, 19, 18, purified thrice, filled in matsya moosha crucible, placed in nalikaa furnace, and with the aid of gomukhee bellows boiled to 99th degree, and poured into the mould, will yield pingala mirror.

Pattikaabhraka Yantra:

Says Kriyaasaara,

"In order to safeguard against the fires generated by the juxtaposition of planets during its course, the pattikaabhraka yantra is to be installed in the centre of the vimaana."

p. 78

It is said in "Yantrasarvasva,"

In the course of its planetary motions, two planets sometimes get too near each other, when by the conflict of their giant forces, fires will burst out. They are known as jwaalaamukhee or flame-tongued, and will destroy the vimaana and those inside it. As protection against it, pattikaabhraka yantra should be installed in the vimaana.

The yantra should be made out of the 3rd type of mica amongst the 3rd group of its classification.

It is said in "Shownakeeya,"

"The names of mica belonging to the 3rd group are shaarada, pankila, soma, maarjaalika, rakta mukha, and vinaashaka. The yantra should be made of soma variety."

Somaabhra is described in Loha-tantra:

"It is sky-coloured, fine, strong, absorbent, cure for eye diseases. Its touch is cooling to the body. It has diamond content, and is cure for urinal trouble. It exhibits scarlet lines with whorls. These are the qualities of somaabhraka."

The mica should be purified twice with brinjal and mataa seed oil and melted, and a pattika two feet wide and of arm's length high should be fashioned. A koorma peetha or tortoise-shaped foot-plate 16 inches wide and arm's length high should be made with vaari vriksha. A shanku or pivot should be made like the pattika. Revolving wheels with keys and shoundeerya manis or crystals should be fixed. From the main, centre wires should be attached to it to the end of the pattika. On the other side an ivory vessel should be fixed, and filled with shyvaala acid, and adding mercury ravichumbaka manis or crystal should be placed in it. The wires should be connected to the inside of the vessel containing these things. From the pivot it should be covered with shringinee. The root of the naala or pivot should be fixed to face the sky. The mica shanku with five revolving wheel key attachments should be fixed in the centre of the peetha, and the acid purified pattika should be fixed on top of it in the centre of the vimaana covering.

When the jwaalaamukhee erupts from the planetary contact and reaches the direction of the vimaana, the main switch of the pivot should be operated, a cold wave will arise through the wires from the acid vessel, and passing

p. 79

through the five wheels reach the pattika, and contacting the jwaalaamukhee force will draw it and push it to the crystal in the centre of the enclosure, and the crystal will thrust it through the naala or pipe to the outside atmosphere where the flame force will get extinguished.

Soorya Shaktyapakarshana Yantra or Solar heat extracting Yantra:

In order to relieve the excessive cold of the winter months, the soorya shaktyapakarshana yantra should be installed on the vimaana.

Says Yantra Sarvasva,

"In order to protect from the cold of the 4 winter months the solar heat storing machine is now explained. The 27th kind of mirror capable of capturing solar heat is to be used in its making."

It is said in Darpana prakarana:

Sphatika or alum, manjula or madder root, sea-foam, sarja salt or nation, sand, mercury, garada or aconite, kishora or wild liquorice, gandhaka or sulphur brimstone, karbura or yellow orpiment, praanakshaara or ammonium chloride, in the proportion of 12, 1, 5, 1, 13, 12, 8, I0, 27, 4, 3, 7, 8, 5, 1. 5, 8, 3, 9, 2, purified, to be filled in antarmukha crucible, placing it in shuka-mukha furnace, and boded. Then pour it into antarmukha yantra or vessel and turn the churning key. When cooled in the mould a fine, light, strong, golden. coloured, solar heat collecting glass will be formed.

From this glass prepare a pattika or plank, 80 inches long, 20 inches wide, and 1 inch thick. Three spots are to be marked on it. Two naalas or pipes, of arm's size, with 10 inch mouth, crescent shaped peetha should be prepared. Another peetha, 2 feet long, and 6 feet high, should be prepared. The crescent shaped peetha should be fixed in it. On its two sides the 2 naalaas should be fixed. Between them a pivot 88 inches long and 3 inches wide should be fixed. The other pattika should be fixed on its top. At its 3 marked spots, lotus shapes with petals made of the above glass with two faces with goblets on them should be fixed. The two naalaas or pipes should be filled with shyvaala or moss acid and shrini acid. Chhaayaamukha crystal should be placed in them. At the foot of the shanku jyotsnaa acid should be placed. Cold absorbing wires with key switches with ball bearings should be fixed in

p. 80

the jyotsnaa acid. The wires should be taken between the neighbouring naalas, taken round the two lotus positions on the sides of the pattika, and then made to surround the central lotus, and lead on and placed inside the jyotsna acid. Then the other naala should be made to cover the acid vessel, and fixed so as to have its opening through the bottom of the vimaana.

On the approach of winter cold into the vimaana, the main wheel at the foot of the shanku should be turned at high speed. That will energise the head wires of the pattika, making the lotus petals active, and the wind will draw the cold and pass to the central acid vessel through the wires, and the acids in the 2 naalas will draw in the cold and pass to the chaayaamukha mani, which by its own force will pass the cold force to the jyotsnaadravaka, which will eject it through the naala to the atmosphere outside for being dissolved. The vimaana will thus be saved from the cold force through the soorya- shaktyapakarshana yantra.

Apasmaara dhooma prasaarana yantra or poison-gas fume spreading machine: Says Kriyaasaara,
"When the enemy plane is trying to destroy your vimaana, Apasmaara dhooma prasaarana yantra should be provided in the vimaana to combat it."

Yantra Sarvasva Says:

"Apasmaara dhooma prasaarana yantra is prescribed for protection of vimaana from enemy planes. It should be manufactured with khoundeera metal only, and not with anything else."

Kshoundeera loha is described in Lohatantra:

8 parts of kshwinka or zinc, 5 parts of mercury, 7 parts of krowncha alloy, 3 parts of kaanta or steel, 4 parts of hamsa or metallic silver, 1 part of maadhweeka, and 5 parts of ruru, these ingredients to be purified and filled in crucible, placed in chhatreemukha furnace, and with the acid of surasa bellows heated to 100 degrees heat, and cast in mould will yield excellent kshoundeera alloy.

Filling this loha in pattikaayantra, applying 300 degree heat and churning a fine strong pattikaa will be formed. With that, a shape like bellows, 5 arm's length high, and 3 arm's wide should be formed. It should be provided

p. 81

with a mukha-naala or nozzle 6 feet in size. Its mouth should be like that of peshanee yantra. The opening should be covered and keyed. Three satchels should be attached at its bottom. In the middle an aavarana or covering with hare-skin, circular and provided with switch. Smoke or gas filling switch should be provided at its base. Above it a choorna paatra or powder vessel should be fixed. The switch key should be beneath the middle of

the vessel. Thus four bellows should be prepared.

When the enemy plane's attack is expected, the aavaaraka bhastrika or enveloping  bellows should shield the vimaana, and the 4 bellows should be fixed on the dikpeethaas or side seats above the aavarana or covering, and electricity should be applied to the choorna-paatra or powder keg. Immediately the powder becomes smoke. The bellows' mouth should be opened and the key turned. The emerging smoke fumes will enter the 4 small bellows, and from them reach the central kunda and spread all around and reach the bellows' mouth. Then on turning that key, the fumes will be emitted from all the bhastrikaas or bellows, and encompass the enemy plane and disable its occupants. That plane will be destroyed and the danger to one's vimaana overcome.

Stambhana Yantra or Halting machine:

Kriyaasaara says,

When power is generated by conflicting forces in the water-charged regions, shrieking hurricanes and whirl-winds will arise and set out in a mad career of destruction. To safeguard against their onslaughts, the Stambhana yantra should be installed in the bottom of the vimaana.

Yantra sarvasva says,

In order to protect the plane from the attacks of giant wind blasts, vimaana stambhana yantra is described as follows:

A peetha, one fourth the size of the vimaana floor, quadrangular, should be made out of vakratunda metal, three feet in thickness. In its 8 quarters spots should be marked for fixtures. An enclosure with openings, revolving toothed wheels made of the same metal, wheel rods with revolving keys, a metal band which is to encircle it thrice, toothed wheels, pivots, and switches and hinges, and three-stranded wire ropes, should also be of the same metal. In the 8 selected spots naalaas or pivots with wheels and wiring should be fixed. Through the naala or pipe at the contraction switch of the vimaana,

p. 82

wires should be passed through the other naalas to the central pivot, and tied at the foot of the revolving wheel. When the dreaded wind current is observed the switch or wheel for the contraction or folding of the expanded vimaana parts should be turned, as also the 8 side wheel turning switches. That will reduce the speed of the vimaana. Then the  switches of the 8 pivots on the peetha or foot-plate should be turned. The entire speed of the vimaana will be extinguished thereby. The wheel at the central pivot of the peetha should then be turned, so that the vimaana will be halted completely. Then the switch of the plane-wings should be turned. The flapping of the wings will produce winds which will encircle the vimaana and form a globe protecting it. Then by turning the switch of  the brake-rod, the vimaana becomes motionless. Therefore the Yaana-sthambhana yantra should be fixed at the bottom centre of the vimaana.




Kriyaasaara says,

Vyshvaanara-naala yantra:


For the purpose of providing fire for passengers to perform agnihotra or daily fire rituals, and for the purpose of cooking food, Vyshwaanara naala yantra is to be fitted up at the navel centre of the vimaana.

Yantra-sarvasva says,

To provide fire for travellers in vimaanas, vyshwaanara naala yantra is now described. A 2 feet long and 12 inches wide peetha or foot-plate should be made out of naaga metal, quadrangular or circular in shape. Three kendras or spots should be marked thereon. Three vessels should be made of copper and karpara or (black jack?) zinc blended metal. One vessel should be filled with sulphur-brimstone acid. Another should be filled with rookshaka bdellium acid, or croton seed acid? And manjishta or madder root acid should be filled in another vessel. The three vessels should be placed on the 3 kendra spots on the peetha.

In the sulphur acid vessel the prajwaalaka mani or flame producing crystal should be placed. In the rookshaka acid vessel the dhoomaasya mani or smoke crystal should be placed. In the manjishtha acid vessel the mahoshnika mani, or heat producing crystal should be placed.

In the places in the vimaana where kitchens are located, and where sacred agnihotra fires are needed by passengers, keelaka sthambhas or pivots should be fixed. The acid vessels should be connected with power wires from the central pivot. The wires should be attached to the manis or crystals in

p. 83

the acid vessels. At the top of the central pole jwaalaamukhee mani should be fixed in the centre of chumbakee keela with glass covering. On either side of it sinjeeraka mani and dridhikaa mani should be fixed. From each mani a wire should be stretched from the top of the central pole and fixed at the granthikeela at the foot of the pole. From there up to the cooking spots and agnihotra spots, a circle should be formed like a kulya, and metal tubes should be fixed therein. Wires should be drawn through the tubes to the fire places and fixed to the kharpara metallic pattikas therein.

First the bhadramushti keelaka should be revolved. The acid in the vessel will become heated. The heat generated in the rookshna acid will pass into the manjishtha mani, and generate smoke in the mahoshnika mani. By the force of that acid intense heat will be generated. And by the heat generated in the sulphuric acid vessel flames will erupt in the prajwaalika mani. The smoke, heat and flames will pass through the wires to the sinjeeraka, dridhikaa and jwaalaa-mukhee manis. Then the chumbaka wheel should be turned vigorously, whereupon the smoke, heat, and flames will reach the key at the top of the central pole. And on that keelee being turned, they will reach the central switchboard keelee at the foot of the pole. When that switch is put on, the heat and flames will reach the metal bands of the cooking ovens and religious fire places, and generate fires.

Therefore vyshwaanara naala yantra should be fixed at the navel centre of vimaana.

We have so far dealt with anga yantras or constituent machines of the vimaana. We proceed next to deal with Vyoma-yaanas or Aeroplanes.